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ardengyle's review
5.0
story//*****
As an early investor and tech advisor, Lee has extraordinary insight into the cultural subtleties and technical abilities of China vs Silicon Valley.
style//*****
Lee's clear and concise style effectively analyzes the capabilities and endeavors of both cultures in the Tech race.
spark//*****
While some of this book's information is outdated, especially as of recent advances, it provided some insightful observations about the two countries that are still relevant as of now.
As an early investor and tech advisor, Lee has extraordinary insight into the cultural subtleties and technical abilities of China vs Silicon Valley.
style//*****
Lee's clear and concise style effectively analyzes the capabilities and endeavors of both cultures in the Tech race.
spark//*****
While some of this book's information is outdated, especially as of recent advances, it provided some insightful observations about the two countries that are still relevant as of now.
bentrevett's review
3.0
A very odd book that initially focuses on the difference between china and the US, specifically on the approaches to technology (aka AI because AI is the only technology worth caring about nowadays apparently); but later on goes into the author's weird techno utopian rantings and ravings.
Some comments on the first few chapters:
— China copies everything, but that's OK because they're just using that to play catch-up, and then they'll adapt what they've copied to the Chinese market and beat those pesky Americans! I mean, isn't it obvious that if you adapt a product to a market, then it'll be more successful there? How many Chinese apps have succeeded in the West?
— Apparently WeChat is the greatest piece of technology, China has ever invented. But WeChat is just WhatsApp with an app store built into it (not really innovative), which is great for WeChat, but is it good for a single company to have a monopoly on your data? Apparently, all Chinese citizens are just fine and dandy with their data being harvested.
— The author predicts that China will win the AI arms race because even though the West has better AI engineers, China has more of them. As we all know, simply throwing more and more people at a problem leads to solving it faster and better!!! This is apparently why China will be the first to have self-driving cars, just because there's more people. No wonder Tesla haven't solved it yet, they just need to hire 10x more computer vision researchers!!! Absolutely bonkers.
— Lee also appears to be completely blind to most downsides of AI. Having AI predict how long a criminal should be sentenced is something that is seen as having no issues at all; because the AI only “suggests” a sentence and any errors or bias can be blamed on the human judge making the final decision. We can also apparently check how well a student understands something by checking if they shake or nod their head or “look puzzled”; cue all students in China nodding along every lecture to trick the AI teacher into thinking them they understand.
— There's an absolutely bizarre dystopian vision of what an AI powered supermarket will be. Your trolley will berate you for not having enough fiber in your currently selected items (who doesn't want their trolley making sure they're not constipated?). It will also know your wife's birthday and goad you into buying the wine that she likes (presumably by also tracking her every purchase); we know you don't want your trolley to think you're a bad husband, do we? :) Lee thinks that being constantly pestered with deals by your trolley as you walk down the aisles is an absolutely great thing!
Near the end, there's a chapter where Lee talks about getting diagnosed with cancer and coming to the realization that actually, work is not really that important; what actually matters is spending time with your friends and family, and giving back to the world. At first, I thought this chapter was out of place (in a book supposedly about the AI arms race between China and the West); but it ended up being my favorite chapter because it reads like it wasn't written by someone held at gunpoint by a Chinese AI system who has his family captive.
Afterwards, it goes back to the weirdness, with chapters on how AI is going to fuck us all up and what we can do to try to prevent it. Examples:
— In fifteen years, 40-50% of the jobs in the US will be completely automated, but China is immune to this because they're so much more technologically literate than the West (because they can… use WeChat?)
— Sure, AI is going to make inequality massively increase, but we got TikTok so it's pretty much net positive overall?
— It's ok that workers will be displaced because we can give them online courses to become “lifelong learners”. In other words, these people will constantly be replaced by AI and will have to re-skill and be entry-level workers (on entry level wages) their entire lives. Sounds great for them!
— UBI is bad because it's being pushed by the Silicon Valley elite (???); the only reason they're pushing is because when masses to revolt against them when the world collapses they want to be able to turn around and say “Hey I'm not bad! I like UBI!” whilst they live in their giant techno mansions(????????). I don't agree with UBI, but this is the most bizarre attack on it that I've ever read in my entire life.
— What's the author's solution? There will be new jobs which machines can't do, like “season changer” (who will redecorate your wardrobe every few months, scenting it with flowers and aromas that match the mood of the season) and “home sustainability consultants” (who will meet with your family and explore creative and fun (???) ways for your household to reduce its environmental footprint). Sounds great, but those jobs are easier to automate or replace without even using anything sophisticated. They would exist now, except they don't because I don't think anyone wants either of those services.
— Oh, he also has a second solution: a “social investment stipend”. This is a “salary” (aka wage) given to people who “invest their time and energy” (aka work) in: care work, community service, and education (aka jobs). The author has just re-invented jobs. You know, those things which AI is going to take from us.
So yeah, even though I disagree with the vast majority of this book, I still enjoyed reading it. Partly because of how absurd it was, but also because I guess it's nice to read how the other half thinks.
Some comments on the first few chapters:
— China copies everything, but that's OK because they're just using that to play catch-up, and then they'll adapt what they've copied to the Chinese market and beat those pesky Americans! I mean, isn't it obvious that if you adapt a product to a market, then it'll be more successful there? How many Chinese apps have succeeded in the West?
— Apparently WeChat is the greatest piece of technology, China has ever invented. But WeChat is just WhatsApp with an app store built into it (not really innovative), which is great for WeChat, but is it good for a single company to have a monopoly on your data? Apparently, all Chinese citizens are just fine and dandy with their data being harvested.
— The author predicts that China will win the AI arms race because even though the West has better AI engineers, China has more of them. As we all know, simply throwing more and more people at a problem leads to solving it faster and better!!! This is apparently why China will be the first to have self-driving cars, just because there's more people. No wonder Tesla haven't solved it yet, they just need to hire 10x more computer vision researchers!!! Absolutely bonkers.
— Lee also appears to be completely blind to most downsides of AI. Having AI predict how long a criminal should be sentenced is something that is seen as having no issues at all; because the AI only “suggests” a sentence and any errors or bias can be blamed on the human judge making the final decision. We can also apparently check how well a student understands something by checking if they shake or nod their head or “look puzzled”; cue all students in China nodding along every lecture to trick the AI teacher into thinking them they understand.
— There's an absolutely bizarre dystopian vision of what an AI powered supermarket will be. Your trolley will berate you for not having enough fiber in your currently selected items (who doesn't want their trolley making sure they're not constipated?). It will also know your wife's birthday and goad you into buying the wine that she likes (presumably by also tracking her every purchase); we know you don't want your trolley to think you're a bad husband, do we? :) Lee thinks that being constantly pestered with deals by your trolley as you walk down the aisles is an absolutely great thing!
Near the end, there's a chapter where Lee talks about getting diagnosed with cancer and coming to the realization that actually, work is not really that important; what actually matters is spending time with your friends and family, and giving back to the world. At first, I thought this chapter was out of place (in a book supposedly about the AI arms race between China and the West); but it ended up being my favorite chapter because it reads like it wasn't written by someone held at gunpoint by a Chinese AI system who has his family captive.
Afterwards, it goes back to the weirdness, with chapters on how AI is going to fuck us all up and what we can do to try to prevent it. Examples:
— In fifteen years, 40-50% of the jobs in the US will be completely automated, but China is immune to this because they're so much more technologically literate than the West (because they can… use WeChat?)
— Sure, AI is going to make inequality massively increase, but we got TikTok so it's pretty much net positive overall?
— It's ok that workers will be displaced because we can give them online courses to become “lifelong learners”. In other words, these people will constantly be replaced by AI and will have to re-skill and be entry-level workers (on entry level wages) their entire lives. Sounds great for them!
— UBI is bad because it's being pushed by the Silicon Valley elite (???); the only reason they're pushing is because when masses to revolt against them when the world collapses they want to be able to turn around and say “Hey I'm not bad! I like UBI!” whilst they live in their giant techno mansions(????????). I don't agree with UBI, but this is the most bizarre attack on it that I've ever read in my entire life.
— What's the author's solution? There will be new jobs which machines can't do, like “season changer” (who will redecorate your wardrobe every few months, scenting it with flowers and aromas that match the mood of the season) and “home sustainability consultants” (who will meet with your family and explore creative and fun (???) ways for your household to reduce its environmental footprint). Sounds great, but those jobs are easier to automate or replace without even using anything sophisticated. They would exist now, except they don't because I don't think anyone wants either of those services.
— Oh, he also has a second solution: a “social investment stipend”. This is a “salary” (aka wage) given to people who “invest their time and energy” (aka work) in: care work, community service, and education (aka jobs). The author has just re-invented jobs. You know, those things which AI is going to take from us.
So yeah, even though I disagree with the vast majority of this book, I still enjoyed reading it. Partly because of how absurd it was, but also because I guess it's nice to read how the other half thinks.
ahmdeus's review
informative
reflective
medium-paced
3.75
Good intro into AI and the debate about its impact on jobs, economy and society
hanlasse's review
4.0
I personally wished this book would have exclusively about China "vs" USA and the potential monopoly on AI technology and economy. It's still mostly about that, but it also covers a lot about the general rise of AI and robots.
Probably my favourite topics in this book was the cultural differences and what that means, the different stages of AI and how that effects differently in China/USA (for example labor) and the potential overall harm of a few companies having potential monopoly on "the new world order", as mentioned above.
Did I find this book a tad boring at times? Yes.
Is it still worth while to read? Yes!
Probably my favourite topics in this book was the cultural differences and what that means, the different stages of AI and how that effects differently in China/USA (for example labor) and the potential overall harm of a few companies having potential monopoly on "the new world order", as mentioned above.
Did I find this book a tad boring at times? Yes.
Is it still worth while to read? Yes!
mastben11's review
4.0
This book surprised me.
I found 'AI Superpowers' while looking for material to research AI's effects on future employment, in an effort to better educate myself for a writing project I hope to get a good start on during NaNoWriMo in November. As evidenced by my Goodreads activity, I generally avoid non-fiction to a fault. My main issue with many non-fiction books is generally that they are overlong. An author gets a book deal from an essay or two, and then stretches that essay from fourteen pages into 400, with lots of added evidence and very little added shape. I'm certain that thousands of books could counter my cynicism, and that my judgments have formed a clot in the flow of non-fiction I should be reading. Plus, I like reading about dragons and stuff like that.
However, Lee's book has shape. Each chapter is different from the previous in scope and argument, and each one needs the previous to function well. While Lee's personal life takes center stage in one chapter, it isn't for a contrived framework that all the chapters can hang from but as a necessary backdrop for his conclusions in the subsequent chapters.
Lee, a venture capitalist and prominent AI researcher, swings his credentials around with ease but without arrogance, which I appreciated, and instead of dismantling the differing arguments of other professionals, he uses their material to better argue his own conclusions. The problem with other research isn't that it was misguided or falsified but that it was somehow still incomplete, and Lee attempts to use conclusions from previous studies alongside new developments in the technology. This approach feels naturally diplomatic while still scientific, as if his respect for other researchers' work genuinely eclipses the drive to knock their conclusions down a peg and establish himself as the One True Voice of AI research.
What surprised me most was Lee's empathetic writing. Without losing his convictions in his own understanding of AI, he writes not as an aloof entrepreneur coaxing a book deal out of a vast, untouchable pile of knowledge, or as a dismayed doomsayer beckoning us toward despair in the face of the age of robotics. He considers ramifications of AI for both blue- and white-collar workers, without devaluing one or the other. He condemns vicious competition between countries' technological developments as being unsustainable, and fears more about the wealth gap new technology will further than for a Westworld-style AI uprising. In no uncertain terms he indicates how worthless human diagnoses, appraisals, and calculations will soon become (or already have become) in comparison to those of a competent AI creation, but never connects this to the worthlessness of humans themselves, who offer something AI will not master for centuries: love. The task for humanity then, he argues, is to lay the foundation of public policy that will best allow us to use this gift alongside the inevitable AI-dependent world we will soon found ourselves in.
And however corny that feels, it mattered to me.
I found 'AI Superpowers' while looking for material to research AI's effects on future employment, in an effort to better educate myself for a writing project I hope to get a good start on during NaNoWriMo in November. As evidenced by my Goodreads activity, I generally avoid non-fiction to a fault. My main issue with many non-fiction books is generally that they are overlong. An author gets a book deal from an essay or two, and then stretches that essay from fourteen pages into 400, with lots of added evidence and very little added shape. I'm certain that thousands of books could counter my cynicism, and that my judgments have formed a clot in the flow of non-fiction I should be reading. Plus, I like reading about dragons and stuff like that.
However, Lee's book has shape. Each chapter is different from the previous in scope and argument, and each one needs the previous to function well. While Lee's personal life takes center stage in one chapter, it isn't for a contrived framework that all the chapters can hang from but as a necessary backdrop for his conclusions in the subsequent chapters.
Lee, a venture capitalist and prominent AI researcher, swings his credentials around with ease but without arrogance, which I appreciated, and instead of dismantling the differing arguments of other professionals, he uses their material to better argue his own conclusions. The problem with other research isn't that it was misguided or falsified but that it was somehow still incomplete, and Lee attempts to use conclusions from previous studies alongside new developments in the technology. This approach feels naturally diplomatic while still scientific, as if his respect for other researchers' work genuinely eclipses the drive to knock their conclusions down a peg and establish himself as the One True Voice of AI research.
What surprised me most was Lee's empathetic writing. Without losing his convictions in his own understanding of AI, he writes not as an aloof entrepreneur coaxing a book deal out of a vast, untouchable pile of knowledge, or as a dismayed doomsayer beckoning us toward despair in the face of the age of robotics. He considers ramifications of AI for both blue- and white-collar workers, without devaluing one or the other. He condemns vicious competition between countries' technological developments as being unsustainable, and fears more about the wealth gap new technology will further than for a Westworld-style AI uprising. In no uncertain terms he indicates how worthless human diagnoses, appraisals, and calculations will soon become (or already have become) in comparison to those of a competent AI creation, but never connects this to the worthlessness of humans themselves, who offer something AI will not master for centuries: love. The task for humanity then, he argues, is to lay the foundation of public policy that will best allow us to use this gift alongside the inevitable AI-dependent world we will soon found ourselves in.
And however corny that feels, it mattered to me.
dlrcope's review
5.0
Cannot recommend highly enough for technical and non-technical audiences. This book will show you the transformational change that is coming, and coming soon.
jwsg's review
4.0
In this brilliant, accessibly written book, Lee Kai Fu systematically makes the argument that China will pull ahead of the US in the AI stakes. Assumptions that in the realm of AI, China will remain a copycat and a laggard reflect a "fundamental misunderstanding on what is driving the ongoing AI revolution", as we move from "the age of discovery, to the age of implementation, and from the age of expertise to the age of data".
Lee argues that we are now in the "age of implementation", where the breakthroughs we read about stem from the application of deep learning and related technologies to new problems, rather than fundamentally new technological leaps. In the age of implementation, it is less about having a strong core of elite researchers, and more about having talented entrepreneurs, strong engineers and product managers to apply the technologies in novel ways to create value. Which China has in abundance.
And in the age of implementation, having data to train the accuracy of AI algorithms is critical. Which again, China surpasses the US in because of the way its eco-system has been set up, with WeChat and other apps creating, capturing and consolidating "oceans" of new data about the real world, by digitising millions of offline transactions - not only food delivery and transport as it has in the West, but also getting manicures, booking medical appointments, getting massages, pet care. As Lee notes: "Silicon Valley juggernauts are amassing data from your activity on their platforms, but that data concentrates heavily in your online behaviour, such as searches made, photos uploaded, YouTube videos watched, and posts "liked". Chinese companies are instead gathering data from the real world: the what, when and where of physical purchases, meals, makeovers, and transportation. Deep learning can only optimise what it can "see" by way of data, and China's physically grounded technology ecosystem gives these algorithms many more eyes into the content of our daily lives".
Lee explains the various dimensions of AI clearly and accessibly. The part I found particularly illuminating was in Chapter 5 on The Four Waves of AI - Internet AI (centred on using AI algorithms as recommendation engines); Business AI (the mining of an organisation's data to train algorithms to outperform human decision makers e.g. fraud detection, loan applications, medical diagnoses); Perception AI (based on taking in information about our lived environment via sensors and smart devices - sounds, objects, temperature etc - and having algorithms make sense of this info in much the same way that our brain does); and Autonomous AI (the integration and culmination of the three preceding waves of AI to yield machines that don't just understand the world around them but can shape it). He points out how the newer waves of AI will dramatically reshape our understanding of what is online and offline. Lee asks: when you order a meal just by speaking a sentence from your couch, are you online or offline? When your refrigerator at home tells your shopping cart at the store that you're out of milk, are you moving through a physical world or a digital one?
Looking across these four waves of AI, Lee assesses where the balance of power currently lies between the US and China and where it is likely to go. On Internet AI, the US and China are pretty evenly matched but Lee predicts that 5 years from now, China will have a slight edge given its much larger pool of internet users and how deeply embedded digital services are in their lives. For business AI, Lee notes that the US is miles ahead of China given that its companies already collect large amounts of data and store it in structured formats and use enterprise software for various corporate functions. This makes it easy to apply business AI solutions to maximise profits and reduce costs. Chinese companies, by contrast, do not use enterprise software and have relatively poor data. Lee believes that China will close the gap somewhat in 5 years, particularly in the areas of public services and industries with a potential to leapfrog outdated systems (e.g. financial services) but the US will still have an edge overall. On perception AI, Lee notes that China has a slight edge over the US but in 5 years, China will pull far ahead given the massive amounts of data created by Chinese consumers and Shenzhen's position as a manufacturing hub for intelligent hardware. Finally, on autonomous AI, Lee notes that the US is miles ahead of China currently but predicts that they will be evenly matched in 5 years. He argues that "predicting which country takes the lead in autonomous AI largely comes down to one main question: will the primary bottleneck to full deployment be one of technology or policy"; if it is a question of technology, the US (Google's Waymo) is far ahead of the competition. If it is an issue of policy adaptation, then China is at an advantage.
The twist in AI Superpowers is that while it starts off centred in tech, it ends off with a call to reconnect with what makes us human and gives meaning to life - loving and being loved by family and close friends, creating meaning through the relationships and communities we are a part of. A cancer scare forces Lee to reevaluate his priorities and he argues that to harness AI's potential to generate prosperity for humankind, and to mitigate its downsides (crushing inequality), we need to create a new blueprint for development, one that "embraces our essential humanity". Lee argues that the traditional policy proposals to retrain workers, or redistribute income are helpful but insufficient given the speed of disruption posed by AI (and that this disruption is continual, which means people might need to continually retrain to remain employable) while redistribution is essentially a form of "sedation" or "numbing" - of the pain felt by those displaced and of the guilt felt by technologists for displacing others. He instead advocates the creation of a "social investment stipend", a sort of salary paid to those who invest their time and energy in "those activities that promote a kind, compassionate and creative society" e.g. through community service, education, care giving activities. It's an intriguing proposal, although I wondered how this might lead to unintended consequences as warned by Michael Sandel in The Moral Limits of Markets, where he talks about money corrupting the things that are priced. Might paying people to engage in community service corrupt that activity? or is this fear unfounded, given that there are many individuals who are paid to do similar roles e.g. social workers, teachers, and who are driven by a deep sense of mission and purpose?
A fascinating and thought provoking book.
Lee argues that we are now in the "age of implementation", where the breakthroughs we read about stem from the application of deep learning and related technologies to new problems, rather than fundamentally new technological leaps. In the age of implementation, it is less about having a strong core of elite researchers, and more about having talented entrepreneurs, strong engineers and product managers to apply the technologies in novel ways to create value. Which China has in abundance.
And in the age of implementation, having data to train the accuracy of AI algorithms is critical. Which again, China surpasses the US in because of the way its eco-system has been set up, with WeChat and other apps creating, capturing and consolidating "oceans" of new data about the real world, by digitising millions of offline transactions - not only food delivery and transport as it has in the West, but also getting manicures, booking medical appointments, getting massages, pet care. As Lee notes: "Silicon Valley juggernauts are amassing data from your activity on their platforms, but that data concentrates heavily in your online behaviour, such as searches made, photos uploaded, YouTube videos watched, and posts "liked". Chinese companies are instead gathering data from the real world: the what, when and where of physical purchases, meals, makeovers, and transportation. Deep learning can only optimise what it can "see" by way of data, and China's physically grounded technology ecosystem gives these algorithms many more eyes into the content of our daily lives".
Lee explains the various dimensions of AI clearly and accessibly. The part I found particularly illuminating was in Chapter 5 on The Four Waves of AI - Internet AI (centred on using AI algorithms as recommendation engines); Business AI (the mining of an organisation's data to train algorithms to outperform human decision makers e.g. fraud detection, loan applications, medical diagnoses); Perception AI (based on taking in information about our lived environment via sensors and smart devices - sounds, objects, temperature etc - and having algorithms make sense of this info in much the same way that our brain does); and Autonomous AI (the integration and culmination of the three preceding waves of AI to yield machines that don't just understand the world around them but can shape it). He points out how the newer waves of AI will dramatically reshape our understanding of what is online and offline. Lee asks: when you order a meal just by speaking a sentence from your couch, are you online or offline? When your refrigerator at home tells your shopping cart at the store that you're out of milk, are you moving through a physical world or a digital one?
Looking across these four waves of AI, Lee assesses where the balance of power currently lies between the US and China and where it is likely to go. On Internet AI, the US and China are pretty evenly matched but Lee predicts that 5 years from now, China will have a slight edge given its much larger pool of internet users and how deeply embedded digital services are in their lives. For business AI, Lee notes that the US is miles ahead of China given that its companies already collect large amounts of data and store it in structured formats and use enterprise software for various corporate functions. This makes it easy to apply business AI solutions to maximise profits and reduce costs. Chinese companies, by contrast, do not use enterprise software and have relatively poor data. Lee believes that China will close the gap somewhat in 5 years, particularly in the areas of public services and industries with a potential to leapfrog outdated systems (e.g. financial services) but the US will still have an edge overall. On perception AI, Lee notes that China has a slight edge over the US but in 5 years, China will pull far ahead given the massive amounts of data created by Chinese consumers and Shenzhen's position as a manufacturing hub for intelligent hardware. Finally, on autonomous AI, Lee notes that the US is miles ahead of China currently but predicts that they will be evenly matched in 5 years. He argues that "predicting which country takes the lead in autonomous AI largely comes down to one main question: will the primary bottleneck to full deployment be one of technology or policy"; if it is a question of technology, the US (Google's Waymo) is far ahead of the competition. If it is an issue of policy adaptation, then China is at an advantage.
The twist in AI Superpowers is that while it starts off centred in tech, it ends off with a call to reconnect with what makes us human and gives meaning to life - loving and being loved by family and close friends, creating meaning through the relationships and communities we are a part of. A cancer scare forces Lee to reevaluate his priorities and he argues that to harness AI's potential to generate prosperity for humankind, and to mitigate its downsides (crushing inequality), we need to create a new blueprint for development, one that "embraces our essential humanity". Lee argues that the traditional policy proposals to retrain workers, or redistribute income are helpful but insufficient given the speed of disruption posed by AI (and that this disruption is continual, which means people might need to continually retrain to remain employable) while redistribution is essentially a form of "sedation" or "numbing" - of the pain felt by those displaced and of the guilt felt by technologists for displacing others. He instead advocates the creation of a "social investment stipend", a sort of salary paid to those who invest their time and energy in "those activities that promote a kind, compassionate and creative society" e.g. through community service, education, care giving activities. It's an intriguing proposal, although I wondered how this might lead to unintended consequences as warned by Michael Sandel in The Moral Limits of Markets, where he talks about money corrupting the things that are priced. Might paying people to engage in community service corrupt that activity? or is this fear unfounded, given that there are many individuals who are paid to do similar roles e.g. social workers, teachers, and who are driven by a deep sense of mission and purpose?
A fascinating and thought provoking book.
akshithrao's review
4.0
This book gives a good foundation on what is AI, its various stages, the ongoing war between China and USA and finally its implications on human beings with a slight drawback of sometimes being repetitive and sometimes loosing direction
I liked Kai's AI evolution model and his reasoning on how we need to think beyond just plain universal basic income schemes to solve the impending job loses due to AI. His views on how AI will effect the social inequality system is also interesting.
I did not like the divergence into his personal life and tragedy (as part of the book's narrative) and felt that it was unnecessary. It also felt that he was a bit too optimistic towards Chinese companies. His basic end bet is that China will be the next superpower on AI in the long run, hands down.
Would definitely recommend this to anyone who wants to understand from basics how the AI world is galloping ahead.
I liked Kai's AI evolution model and his reasoning on how we need to think beyond just plain universal basic income schemes to solve the impending job loses due to AI. His views on how AI will effect the social inequality system is also interesting.
I did not like the divergence into his personal life and tragedy (as part of the book's narrative) and felt that it was unnecessary. It also felt that he was a bit too optimistic towards Chinese companies. His basic end bet is that China will be the next superpower on AI in the long run, hands down.
Would definitely recommend this to anyone who wants to understand from basics how the AI world is galloping ahead.