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mahir007's review against another edition
5.0
يدعي الناس المسئولية عن الأعمال الصالحة أكثر من المسئولية عن السيئات ، وعن النجاحات أكثر من المسئولية عن الفشل. وجدت دراسة أجريت على الكنديين الشباب المتزوجين أن كل واحد منهم بالغ في تقدير مدى مساهمته في رفاهية الأسرة من حيث التنظيف ورعاية الأطفال وما إلى ذلك. كما اعتبروا أنفسهم أقل تحيزًا من الآخرين.
في استطلاع للرأي ، صنف 44 في المائة من الأمريكيين البيض ، البيض الآخرين على أنهم أكثر منهم تحيزًا ضد السود ، لكن 14 في المائة فقط اعترفوا بأن لديهم مثل هذه التحيزات. يراجع الناس تاريخهم الشخصي بطرق تتأثر بمعتقداتهم في الوقت الذي يتذكرون فيه الأحداث السابقة. يبالغون في استقراء معتقداتهم السابقة - السياسية ، على سبيل المثال - ويبالغون في تقدير مدى تغير هذه المعتقدات.
حتى عندما تم استخدام اختبارات شخصية موثوقة تمامًا ، لم يتمكن الأشخاص من التمييز بين تقريرهم عن أنفسهم وتقرير شخص آخر عن نفسه ، خاصةً إذا كان ممتعًا. هناك بحث حول "مبدأ بوليانا" ، والذي يظهر أن هناك ميلًا شائعًا جدًا بالنسبة لنا لقبول الكلمات الإيجابية في التقرير ، بدلاً من الكلمات السلبية. يكون القبول أعلى إذا كان الفرد غير آمن ، والمختبر يفترض أنه يتمتع بمكانة وخبرة عالية .
قد يكون هذا التركيز على قبول الإيجابية ، بالنسبة للفرد ، شديد التكيف ، لأنه إذا قيل لشخص ما ، عن طريق الخطأ ، أنه أفضل أو أسوأ في مهمة معينة ، فسوف يشرح السبب بشكل عام ؛ نحن سادة التفسير المخصص!!
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Lewis wolpert
Six Impossible Things
Translated By #Maher_Razouk
في استطلاع للرأي ، صنف 44 في المائة من الأمريكيين البيض ، البيض الآخرين على أنهم أكثر منهم تحيزًا ضد السود ، لكن 14 في المائة فقط اعترفوا بأن لديهم مثل هذه التحيزات. يراجع الناس تاريخهم الشخصي بطرق تتأثر بمعتقداتهم في الوقت الذي يتذكرون فيه الأحداث السابقة. يبالغون في استقراء معتقداتهم السابقة - السياسية ، على سبيل المثال - ويبالغون في تقدير مدى تغير هذه المعتقدات.
حتى عندما تم استخدام اختبارات شخصية موثوقة تمامًا ، لم يتمكن الأشخاص من التمييز بين تقريرهم عن أنفسهم وتقرير شخص آخر عن نفسه ، خاصةً إذا كان ممتعًا. هناك بحث حول "مبدأ بوليانا" ، والذي يظهر أن هناك ميلًا شائعًا جدًا بالنسبة لنا لقبول الكلمات الإيجابية في التقرير ، بدلاً من الكلمات السلبية. يكون القبول أعلى إذا كان الفرد غير آمن ، والمختبر يفترض أنه يتمتع بمكانة وخبرة عالية .
قد يكون هذا التركيز على قبول الإيجابية ، بالنسبة للفرد ، شديد التكيف ، لأنه إذا قيل لشخص ما ، عن طريق الخطأ ، أنه أفضل أو أسوأ في مهمة معينة ، فسوف يشرح السبب بشكل عام ؛ نحن سادة التفسير المخصص!!
.
Lewis wolpert
Six Impossible Things
Translated By #Maher_Razouk
jessicaleza's review
4.0
".... Reliable scientific beliefs have no intrinsic ethical or moral content: they refer to how the world is. There are no ethics in Newton's Laws, nor in the genetic code, nor in the fact that genes can affect our mental health." (p. 202)
"Non-medical causes of illness offered by psychiatric patients in a university hospital in the USA included 'God's Will' and the hex or evil eye. Psychoanalysis and Freudian views of the unconscious present us with a related set of beliefs that I think fit most comfortably with paranormal beliefs... While the aim of Freud was to make psychoanalysis part of natural science, it has not turned out that way, and Freudian explanations seem to be much closer to beliefs related to witchcraft in the way they try to deal with mental illness. Yet the concepts of repression, libido, and the Oedipus complex are repeatedly used by many people in the West as causal explanations for people's behavior, both normal and abnormal. Is it not strange, and close to the paranormal, to believe that there are three mental processes in the brain that are almost like separate individuals - the ego, the superego, and the id - which interact with one another?"
"Non-medical causes of illness offered by psychiatric patients in a university hospital in the USA included 'God's Will' and the hex or evil eye. Psychoanalysis and Freudian views of the unconscious present us with a related set of beliefs that I think fit most comfortably with paranormal beliefs... While the aim of Freud was to make psychoanalysis part of natural science, it has not turned out that way, and Freudian explanations seem to be much closer to beliefs related to witchcraft in the way they try to deal with mental illness. Yet the concepts of repression, libido, and the Oedipus complex are repeatedly used by many people in the West as causal explanations for people's behavior, both normal and abnormal. Is it not strange, and close to the paranormal, to believe that there are three mental processes in the brain that are almost like separate individuals - the ego, the superego, and the id - which interact with one another?"
joebathelt's review
4.0
In this book, developmental biologist Lewis Wolpert investigates the origin of human belief, apparently in a quest to understand religiosity and science denialism. The central thesis of the book follows the central thesis that beliefs arose from the human ability to understand cause and effect, which evolved with the ability to make complex tools. The book first provides an overview of how cause-effect thinking in humans differs from other animals and how it develops in early childhood. Wolpert then discusses the link between cause-effect thinking and beliefs. The argument here is that belief is not irrational. It arises either from the tendency to maintain cognitive coherence or from a lack of better causal explanations.
It has to be noted that the book is quite dense. It is very academic and does not adopt the more jovial tone that is more common in most current science books for general audiences. However, the effort to read it is well worth it. I gained many insights from reading it. The book is very well researched and provides an excellent overview of the key texts on the evolution of causal beliefs for anyone who wants to dive deeper into the topic.
It has to be noted that the book is quite dense. It is very academic and does not adopt the more jovial tone that is more common in most current science books for general audiences. However, the effort to read it is well worth it. I gained many insights from reading it. The book is very well researched and provides an excellent overview of the key texts on the evolution of causal beliefs for anyone who wants to dive deeper into the topic.
bdplume's review
5.0
Very deep look at what shapes thought and belief. Read it and perhaps you'll be less inclined to judge.
sistermagpie's review
3.0
The book's about the evolutionary origins of belief, which Wolpert ties to tool use, which is apparently not that common a theory, but it made sense. The basic idea is that human's ability to have causal beliefs, to wonder why something happened, is what gave us the ability to make complex tools and also leads to us having causal beliefs on which we base our lives. There's chapters on different types of beliefs people have in their lives that are common.
The one downside is that it killed a lot hope I had for people who seem to have crazy political beliefs. People will do almost everything to not believe what they don't want to believe. They will insist someone is psychic even when told they're being tricked, and prefer holistic medicine that makes no sense because science goes against common sense. Given how often I hear people calling for elected officials with common sense it leaves me feeling we'll just never going to deal with reality.
But the book was cool!
The one downside is that it killed a lot hope I had for people who seem to have crazy political beliefs. People will do almost everything to not believe what they don't want to believe. They will insist someone is psychic even when told they're being tricked, and prefer holistic medicine that makes no sense because science goes against common sense. Given how often I hear people calling for elected officials with common sense it leaves me feeling we'll just never going to deal with reality.
But the book was cool!
joebathelt's review against another edition
4.0
In this book, developmental biologist Lewis Wolpert investigates the origin of human belief, apparently in a quest to understand religiosity and science denialism. The central thesis of the book follows the central thesis that beliefs arose from the human ability to understand cause and effect, which evolved with the ability to make complex tools. The book first provides an overview of how cause-effect thinking in humans differs from other animals and how it develops in early childhood. Wolpert then discusses the link between cause-effect thinking and beliefs. The argument here is that belief is not irrational. It arises either from the tendency to maintain cognitive coherence or from a lack of better causal explanations.
It has to be noted that the book is quite dense. It is very academic and does not adopt the more jovial tone that is more common in most current science books for general audiences. However, the effort to read it is well worth it. I gained many insights from reading it. The book is very well researched and provides an excellent overview of the key texts on the evolution of causal beliefs for anyone who wants to dive deeper into the topic.
It has to be noted that the book is quite dense. It is very academic and does not adopt the more jovial tone that is more common in most current science books for general audiences. However, the effort to read it is well worth it. I gained many insights from reading it. The book is very well researched and provides an excellent overview of the key texts on the evolution of causal beliefs for anyone who wants to dive deeper into the topic.
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